[et_pb_section fb_built=”1″ custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” background_image=”https:\/\/wisetrees.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/BG_Landing.svg” background_size=”contain” background_position=”top_center” custom_margin_tablet=”” custom_margin_phone=”|0px||0px|false|true” custom_margin_last_edited=”on|phone” custom_padding=”72px||||false|false” custom_padding_tablet=”72px||||false|false” custom_padding_phone=”0px|0px|0px|0px|true|true” background_last_edited=”on|phone” background_enable_image_phone=”off” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” background_color=”#FFFFFF” width=”100%” max_width=”864px” max_width_tablet=”864px” max_width_phone=”100%” max_width_last_edited=”on|phone” module_alignment=”center” custom_margin=”0px||||false|false” custom_padding=”0px||||false|false” border_radii=”on|8px|8px|8px|8px” border_width_all=”1px” border_color_all=”gcid-c116beea-4852-4276-9442-4499393a3bfb” border_radii_tablet=”on|8px|8px|8px|8px” border_radii_phone=”on|0px|0px|0px|0px” border_radii_last_edited=”on|phone” global_colors_info=”{%22gcid-c116beea-4852-4276-9442-4499393a3bfb%22:%91%22border_color_all%22%93}”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” custom_padding_tablet=”” custom_padding_phone=”|0px||0px|false|false” custom_padding_last_edited=”on|phone” global_colors_info=”{}”][et_pb_post_title title=”off” author=”off” date_format=”Y.m.d” categories=”off” comments=”off” featured_image=”off” _builder_version=”4.21.0″ _module_preset=”default” title_font=”Montserrat|700|||||||” title_text_color=”gcid-1b2faf1f-066d-4675-b6a7-399b56f31639″ title_font_size=”12px” title_letter_spacing=”0.5px” title_line_height=”18px” meta_font=”Montserrat|700|||||||” meta_text_color=”#487319″ meta_font_size=”12px” meta_letter_spacing=”0.5px” meta_line_height=”18px” custom_padding=”|32px||32px|false|true” hover_enabled=”0″ global_colors_info=”{%22gcid-1b2faf1f-066d-4675-b6a7-399b56f31639%22:%91%22header_4_text_color%22,%22header_3_text_color%22,%22header_4_text_color%22,%22header_3_text_color%22%93}” custom_margin=”20px||||false|false” sticky_enabled=”0″][\/et_pb_post_title][et_pb_post_title meta=”off” date_format=”Y.m.d” featured_image=”off” _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” title_font=”|700|||||||” title_text_color=”#224108″ title_font_size=”30px” title_line_height=”27px” meta_font=”|700|||||||” meta_text_color=”#224108″ meta_font_size=”30px” meta_line_height=”37px” custom_padding=”|32px||32px|false|true” title_font_size_tablet=”30px” title_font_size_phone=”22px” title_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” global_colors_info=”{%22gcid-1b2faf1f-066d-4675-b6a7-399b56f31639%22:%91%22header_4_text_color%22,%22header_3_text_color%22%93}”][\/et_pb_post_title][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”Nunito Sans||||||||” text_text_color=”gcid-849e22c0-4897-4007-bb2d-b0486f48174c” text_font_size=”16px” text_line_height=”26px” header_3_font=”|800|||||||” header_3_text_color=”#224108″ header_3_line_height=”22px” custom_padding=”|32px||32px|false|true” header_3_font_size_tablet=”” header_3_font_size_phone=”18px” header_3_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” global_colors_info=”{%22gcid-1b2faf1f-066d-4675-b6a7-399b56f31639%22:%91%22header_4_text_color%22,%22header_3_text_color%22%93,%22gcid-849e22c0-4897-4007-bb2d-b0486f48174c%22:%91%22text_text_color%22%93}”]<\/p>\n
Stromy s\u00fa najmocnej\u0161\u00edmi tvormi rastlinnej r\u00ed\u0161e. A to nie je v\u0161etko! Dok\u00e1\u017eu prekona\u0165 aj zvierat\u00e1, ve\u010f najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed vr\u00e1skavec obrovsk\u00fd (\u201emodr\u00e1 ve\u013eryba\u201d) dosahuje d\u013a\u017eku \u201elen\u201d 33 metrov a hmotnos\u0165 190 ton. Ich tajomstvo spo\u010d\u00edva v ich stavbe tela, preto sa ich oplat\u00ed presk\u00fama\u0165 podrobnej\u0161ie.
Stonky stromov s\u00fa schopn\u00e9 druhotn\u00e9ho hrubnutia, ktor\u00e9 trv\u00e1 po\u010das cel\u00e9ho \u017eivota rastliny. Ich rast prispieva k rastu celej rastliny a po lignifik\u00e1cii s\u00fa pevnou oporou stromov. Po\u010das lignifik\u00e1cie sa v bunkov\u00fdch sten\u00e1ch uklad\u00e1 drevn\u00fd materi\u00e1l (lign\u00edn), ktor\u00fd zabezpe\u010duje pevnos\u0165 a odolnos\u0165 stonky stromov. Nepretr\u017eit\u00fd rast kme\u0148a zabezpe\u010duje deliv\u00e9 pletivo (kambium), z ktor\u00e9ho vznikaj\u00fa elementy lyka a dreva, ktor\u00e9 zabezpe\u010duj\u00fa l\u00e1tkov\u00fa v\u00fdmenu stromu. Lykov\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 pren\u00e1\u0161a organick\u00e9 roztoky vytvoren\u00e9 v listoch do kore\u0148ov (zhora nadol), k\u00fdm drevn\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 pren\u00e1\u0161a roztoky absorbovan\u00e9 z p\u00f4dy do listov (zdola nahor). Drevn\u00e9 a lykov\u00e9 prstence stromu vzniknut\u00e9 po\u010das jedn\u00e9ho roka tvoria spolu ro\u010dn\u00e9 kruhy. Spo\u010d\u00edtan\u00edm ro\u010dn\u00fdch kruhov je mo\u017en\u00e9 ur\u010di\u0165 vek stromov.<\/p>\n
[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.16″ _module_preset=”default” text_font=”Nunito Sans||||||||” text_text_color=”gcid-849e22c0-4897-4007-bb2d-b0486f48174c” text_font_size=”16px” text_line_height=”26px” header_3_font=”|800|||||||” header_3_text_color=”#224108″ header_3_line_height=”22px” custom_padding=”|32px||32px|false|true” header_3_font_size_tablet=”” header_3_font_size_phone=”18px” header_3_font_size_last_edited=”on|phone” global_colors_info=”{%22gcid-1b2faf1f-066d-4675-b6a7-399b56f31639%22:%91%22header_4_text_color%22,%22header_3_text_color%22,%22header_4_text_color%22,%22header_3_text_color%22%93,%22gcid-849e22c0-4897-4007-bb2d-b0486f48174c%22:%91%22text_text_color%22,%22text_text_color%22%93}”]<\/p>\n
Svetlej\u0161ia, e\u0161te funk\u010dn\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 kme\u0148a (ktor\u00e1 m\u00e1 vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed obsah vody) sa naz\u00fdva be\u013e, k\u00fdm vn\u00fatorn\u00e1, tmav\u0161ia, \u0165a\u017e\u0161ia a tvrd\u0161ia, u\u017e odumret\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 sa naz\u00fdva jadro. Odumret\u00e9 bunky jadra s\u00fa vyplnen\u00e9 r\u00f4znymi l\u00e1tkami \u2013 \u017eivicami, tukmi, sacharidmi a farbivami. Konzervuj\u00fa ich triesloviny. V\u00fdrobcovia n\u00e1bytku uprednost\u0148uj\u00fa najm\u00e4 stromy s kr\u00e1snym, farebn\u00fdm a odoln\u00fdm jadrom: duby so \u017elt\u00fdm drevom, \u010dere\u0161ne s \u010dervenkast\u00fdm drevom, orechy s hned\u00fdm drevom \u010di ag\u00e1ty so svetl\u00fdm drevom. Ob\u013e\u00faben\u00e9 s\u00fa aj \u0161peci\u00e1lne tropick\u00e9 druhy ako indick\u00fd palisander \u010dervenej farby alebo africk\u00fd palisander s \u010diernym jadrom. Pre drev\u00e1rsky priemysel hodnotnej\u0161ie stromy s tvrd\u00fdm drevom (buk, orech, ag\u00e1t, dub, jase\u0148, hrab at\u010f.) maj\u00fa vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed obsah lign\u00ednu, zatia\u013e \u010do stromy s m\u00e4kk\u00fdm drevom (smrek, borovica lesn\u00e1, lipa, jel\u0161a, topo\u013e at\u010f.) obsahuj\u00fa menej lign\u00ednu a viac celul\u00f3zy. \u201eKo\u017eu\u201d kme\u0148a tvor\u00ed k\u00f4ra, ktorej korkov\u00e9 vl\u00e1kna zabra\u0148uj\u00fa prenikaniu parazitov a svojimi izola\u010dn\u00fdmi vlastnos\u0165ami chr\u00e1nia kme\u0148 pred extr\u00e9mnymi tepeln\u00fdmi v\u00fdkyvmi. <\/p>\n
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V\u010faka svojej \u0161trukt\u00fare m\u00f4\u017eu stromy dosahova\u0165 neuverite\u013en\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ky. Rekordn\u00fdm pr\u00edkladom je kalifornsk\u00e1 sekvoja v\u017edyzelen\u00e1 (Sequoia sempervirens), ktor\u00e1 m\u00f4\u017ee dor\u00e1s\u0165 do v\u00fd\u0161ky viac ako 100 metrov. Svojou v\u00fd\u0161kou tesne predbieha listnat\u00fd austr\u00e1lsky eukalyptus kr\u00e1\u013eovsk\u00fd (Eucalyptus regnans). Medzi lianami sa vyskytuj\u00fa e\u0161te aj dlh\u0161ie drevnat\u00e9 stonky: niektor\u00e9 druhy paliem z \u010de\u013eade rotang (Calamus) maj\u00fa plaziv\u00e9 stonky dlh\u00e9 a\u017e 180 m, z t\u00fdchto sa vyr\u00e1ba aj u n\u00e1s ve\u013emi m\u00f3dny pr\u00faten\u00fd n\u00e1bytok. Najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie stromy a z\u00e1rove\u0148 najmohutnej\u0161ie zo v\u0161etk\u00fdch \u017eiv\u00fdch tvorov s\u00fa sekvojovce mamutie (Sequoiadendron giganteum), ktor\u00fdch hmotnos\u0165 m\u00f4\u017ee dosahova\u0165 a\u017e 2 500 ton! \u010eal\u0161ou spolo\u010dnou \u010drtou drev\u00edn je, \u017ee ich \u017eivotnos\u0165 sa meria na desa\u0165ro\u010dia, storo\u010dia, dokonca tis\u00edcro\u010dia. Najstar\u0161ie stromy na Zemi sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa v Severnej Amerike. Niektor\u00e9 exempl\u00e1re borovice ostitej (Pinus aristata) \u2013 \u017eij\u00face v pohor\u00ed White Mountains (Biele hory) v Kalifornii vo v\u00fd\u0161ke 3000-4000 m \u2013 maj\u00fa a\u017e 4700 rokov.
My nem\u00e1me stromy, ktor\u00e9 by sa do\u017e\u00edvali tak\u00e9ho vysok\u00e9ho veku, eur\u00f3pske listnat\u00e9 stromy (napr. lipy a duby) sa do\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa nanajv\u00fd\u0161 1000-1200 rokov. V\u00e1\u017eme si ich pre ich vek a pre to, \u010do v\u0161etko u\u017e za\u017eili! \u201eM\u00fadre stromy\u201d v na\u0161ich historick\u00fdch z\u00e1hrad\u00e1ch u\u017e toho videli ve\u013ea a m\u00f4\u017eu vidie\u0165 e\u0161te viac \u2013 za\u017eij\u00fa ich aj na\u0161e pravn\u00fa\u010dat\u00e1, ak ich pred\u010dasne nezotneme.<\/p>\n
Erzs\u00e9bet Fr\u00e1ter<\/p>\n
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Stromy s\u00fa najmocnej\u0161\u00edmi tvormi rastlinnej r\u00ed\u0161e. A to nie je v\u0161etko! Dok\u00e1\u017eu prekona\u0165 aj zvierat\u00e1, ve\u010f najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed vr\u00e1skavec obrovsk\u00fd (\u201emodr\u00e1 ve\u013eryba\u201d) dosahuje d\u013a\u017eku \u201elen\u201d 33 metrov a hmotnos\u0165 190 ton. Ich tajomstvo spo\u010d\u00edva v ich stavbe tela, preto sa ich oplat\u00ed presk\u00fama\u0165 podrobnej\u0161ie.Stonky stromov s\u00fa schopn\u00e9 druhotn\u00e9ho hrubnutia, ktor\u00e9 trv\u00e1 po\u010das cel\u00e9ho \u017eivota rastliny. Ich […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":186,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"2880","footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-621","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized-sk"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/wisetrees.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/621","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/wisetrees.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/wisetrees.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wisetrees.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wisetrees.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=621"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"http:\/\/wisetrees.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/621\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":688,"href":"http:\/\/wisetrees.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/621\/revisions\/688"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wisetrees.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/186"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/wisetrees.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=621"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wisetrees.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=621"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wisetrees.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=621"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}