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A f\u00e1k a n\u00f6v\u00e9nyvil\u00e1g leghatalmasabb \u00e9l\u0151l\u00e9nyei. S\u0151t! Megel\u0151zik az \u00e1llatokat is, a leghatalmasabb k\u00e9kb\u00e1lna \u201emind\u00f6ssze\u201d 33 m\u00e9ter hossz\u00fara \u00e9s 190 tonn\u00e1sra n\u0151het. Titkuk fel\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00fckben rejlik, meg\u00e9ri egy kicsit betekinteni fel\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00fck rejtelmeibe.
A f\u00e1k sz\u00e1ra a n\u00f6v\u00e9ny \u00e9lete v\u00e9g\u00e9ig tart\u00f3, m\u00e1sodlagos vastagod\u00e1sra k\u00e9pes, n\u00f6vekm\u00e9ny\u00fck hozz\u00e1j\u00e1rul a n\u00f6v\u00e9ny gyarapod\u00e1s\u00e1hoz, \u00e9s elf\u00e1sodva a n\u00f6v\u00e9ny szil\u00e1rd tart\u00f3v\u00e1z\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00e1lnak. A f\u00e1sod\u00e1s sor\u00e1n a sejtfalakba rakod\u00f3 faanyagok (ligninek) teszik kem\u00e9nny\u00e9 \u00e9s ellen\u00e1ll\u00f3v\u00e1 a f\u00e1k sz\u00e1r\u00e1t. A t\u00f6rzs folyamatos n\u00f6veked\u00e9s\u00e9t az oszt\u00f3d\u00f3sz\u00f6vet (kambium) biztos\u00edtja, mely a fa kering\u00e9s\u00e9t biztos\u00edt\u00f3 h\u00e1ncstestet \u00e9s fatestet k\u00e9pzi. A h\u00e1ncstest a levelekben k\u00e9pz\u0151d\u00f6tt szerves oldatokat sz\u00e1ll\u00edtja lefele a gy\u00f6k\u00e9rbe, a fatest a talajb\u00f3l felsz\u00edvott oldatokat tov\u00e1bb\u00edtja felfele a levelekbe. Az egy \u00e9vben keletkez\u0151 fagy\u0171r\u0171t \u00e9s h\u00e1ncsgy\u0171r\u0171t egy\u00fctt \u00e9vgy\u0171r\u0171nek nevezz\u00fck, sz\u00e1ml\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1sal meg\u00e1llap\u00edthat\u00f3 a f\u00e1k \u00e9letkora.<\/p>\n
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A magasabb v\u00edztartalm\u00fa, vil\u00e1gosabb, m\u00e9g m\u0171k\u00f6d\u0151 fatestet tartalmaz\u00f3 r\u00e9szt szij\u00e1csnak, a bels\u0151, s\u00f6t\u00e9tebb, nehezebb \u00e9s kem\u00e9nyebb, m\u00e1r elhalt r\u00e9szt gesztnek nevezz\u00fck. A geszt elhalt sejtjeit k\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 anyagok, gyant\u00e1k, zs\u00edrok, sz\u00e9nhidr\u00e1tok, fest\u00e9kanyagok t\u00f6ltik ki, cserz\u0151anyagok tart\u00f3s\u00edtj\u00e1k. B\u00fatork\u00e9sz\u00edt\u00e9sre k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00f6sen kedvelik a sz\u00e9p, sz\u00ednes \u00e9s tart\u00f3s geszt\u0171 f\u00e1kat, a s\u00e1rga f\u00e1j\u00fa t\u00f6lgyeket, a pirosas f\u00e1j\u00fa csereszny\u00e9t, a barna f\u00e1j\u00fa di\u00f3t, a vil\u00e1gos f\u00e1j\u00fa ak\u00e1cot, \u00e9s a tr\u00f3pusi k\u00fcl\u00f6nlegess\u00e9geket, a v\u00f6r\u00f6s f\u00e1j\u00fa indiai r\u00f3zsaf\u00e1t vagy a fekete geszt\u0171 afrikai r\u00f3zsaf\u00e1t. A faipari szempontb\u00f3l \u00e9rt\u00e9kesebb kem\u00e9nyf\u00e1kban (b\u00fckk, di\u00f3, ak\u00e1c, t\u00f6lgy, k\u0151ris, gyerty\u00e1n stb.) t\u00f6bb a lignin, m\u00edg a puhaf\u00e1k (lucfeny\u0151, erdeifeny\u0151, h\u00e1rs, \u00e9ger, ny\u00e1r stb.) kevesebb lignint \u00e9s t\u00f6bb cellul\u00f3zt tartalmaznak. A fat\u00f6rzs \u201cb\u0151re\u201d a k\u00e9reg, melynek parasz\u00f6vetei megakad\u00e1lyozz\u00e1k az \u00e9l\u0151sk\u00f6d\u0151k behatol\u00e1s\u00e1t, h\u0151szigetel\u0151 tulajdons\u00e1guk r\u00e9v\u00e9n v\u00e9dik a t\u00f6rzset a sz\u00e9ls\u0151s\u00e9ges h\u0151ingadoz\u00e1st\u00f3l.<\/p>\n
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Fel\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00fcknek k\u00f6sz\u00f6nhet\u0151en a f\u00e1k hihetetlen magass\u00e1gokat \u00e9rhetnek el. Rekorder k\u00f6zt\u00fck a Kaliforni\u00e1ban \u00e9l\u0151 tengerparti mamutfeny\u0151 (Sequoia sempervirens), mely 100 m\u00e9tern\u00e9l magasabbra is n\u0151het, alig megel\u0151zve a lombos f\u00e1k k\u00f6z\u00fcl az ausztr\u00e1liai kir\u00e1lyi eukaliptuszt (Eucalyptus regnans). A li\u00e1nok k\u00f6z\u00f6tt m\u00e9g hosszabb f\u00e1s sz\u00e1r is l\u00e9tezik, a p\u00e1lmaf\u00e9l\u00e9khez tartoz\u00f3 egyes rotang (Calamus) fajok k\u00fasz\u00f3sz\u00e1ra 180 m is lehet, bel\u0151l\u00fck k\u00e9sz\u00fclnek a n\u00e1lunk is nagyon divatos fonott b\u00fatorok. Legnagyobb t\u00f6meg\u0171 f\u00e1k, \u00e9s egyben a leghatalmasabb \u00e9l\u0151l\u00e9nyek, az \u00f3ri\u00e1s mamutfeny\u0151k (Sequoiadendron giganteum), egy-egy p\u00e9ld\u00e1nyuk 2500 tonna is lehet! A f\u00e1s n\u00f6v\u00e9nyek m\u00e1sik k\u00f6z\u00f6s jellemz\u0151je, hogy \u00e9letkorukat \u00e9vtizedekben, \u00e9vsz\u00e1zadokban, s\u0151t \u00e9vezredekben m\u00e9rj\u00fck. A F\u00f6ld legv\u00e9nebb f\u00e1i \u00c9szak-Amerik\u00e1ban \u00e9lnek, a kaliforniai Feh\u00e9r-hegys\u00e9g 3000-4000 m magas hegyvonulatain honos sz\u00e1lk\u00e1stoboz\u00fa feny\u0151k (Pinus aristata) k\u00f6z\u00f6tt 4700 \u00e9ves p\u00e9ld\u00e1nyokat is tal\u00e1ltak.
N\u00e1lunk nem \u00e9lnek ilyen sok\u00e1ig a f\u00e1k, az eur\u00f3pai lombos f\u00e1k k\u00f6z\u00fcl a h\u00e1rsak \u00e9s a t\u00f6lgyek is legfeljebb 1000-1200 \u00e9vig \u00e9lnek. Becs\u00fclj\u00fck meg sokat meg\u00e9lt korukat! A t\u00f6rt\u00e9neti kertjeinkben \u00e9l\u0151 \u201eb\u00f6lcs f\u00e1k\u201d sokat l\u00e1ttak, s m\u00e9g t\u00f6bbet meg\u00e9lhetnek, \u00fckunok\u00e1ink is l\u00e1thatj\u00e1k \u0151ket, ha nem emel\u00fcnk r\u00e1juk ideje kor\u00e1n fejsz\u00e9t.<\/p>\n
Fr\u00e1ter Erzs\u00e9bet<\/p>\n
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A f\u00e1k a n\u00f6v\u00e9nyvil\u00e1g leghatalmasabb \u00e9l\u0151l\u00e9nyei. S\u0151t! Megel\u0151zik az \u00e1llatokat is, a leghatalmasabb k\u00e9kb\u00e1lna \u201emind\u00f6ssze\u201d 33 m\u00e9ter hossz\u00fara \u00e9s 190 tonn\u00e1sra n\u0151het. Titkuk fel\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00fckben rejlik, meg\u00e9ri egy kicsit betekinteni fel\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00fck rejtelmeibe.A f\u00e1k sz\u00e1ra a n\u00f6v\u00e9ny \u00e9lete v\u00e9g\u00e9ig tart\u00f3, m\u00e1sodlagos vastagod\u00e1sra k\u00e9pes, n\u00f6vekm\u00e9ny\u00fck hozz\u00e1j\u00e1rul a n\u00f6v\u00e9ny gyarapod\u00e1s\u00e1hoz, \u00e9s elf\u00e1sodva a n\u00f6v\u00e9ny szil\u00e1rd tart\u00f3v\u00e1z\u00e1v\u00e1 v\u00e1lnak. A f\u00e1sod\u00e1s […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":186,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"2880","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-182","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/wisetrees.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/182","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/wisetrees.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/wisetrees.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wisetrees.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wisetrees.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=182"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"http:\/\/wisetrees.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/182\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":685,"href":"http:\/\/wisetrees.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/182\/revisions\/685"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wisetrees.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/186"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/wisetrees.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=182"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wisetrees.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=182"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/wisetrees.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=182"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}